Final Project: Build a Java App — Java Tutorial

Project Overview

Build a complete Library Management System that demonstrates all Java concepts you've learned.

Object-oriented design with classes, interfaces, and inheritance
Collections for storing books, members, and loans
File I/O for data persistence
Exception handling for robust error management
Streams and lambdas for data processing
Encapsulation and proper access control

Core Classes

Start by designing the class hierarchy for the library system.

Example

// Book.java
public class Book {
    private final String isbn;
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private boolean available;

    public Book(String isbn, String title, String author) {
        this.isbn = isbn;
        this.title = title;
        this.author = author;
        this.available = true;
    }

    public boolean isAvailable() { return available; }
    public void checkout() { available = false; }
    public void returnBook() { available = true; }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format("%s by %s [%s] %s",
            title, author, isbn,
            available ? "Available" : "Checked Out");
    }
}

// Library.java
public class Library {
    private Map<String, Book> books = new HashMap<>();
    private List<Loan> loans = new ArrayList<>();

    public void addBook(Book book) { books.put(book.getIsbn(), book); }

    public List<Book> searchByAuthor(String author) {
        return books.values().stream()
            .filter(b -> b.getAuthor().equalsIgnoreCase(author))
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    public long countAvailable() {
        return books.values().stream().filter(Book::isAvailable).count();
    }
}