Arithmetic and Comparison
C++ supports standard arithmetic, comparison, and logical operators.
Example
// Arithmetic
int a = 10, b = 3;
cout << a + b << endl; // 13
cout << a - b << endl; // 7
cout << a * b << endl; // 30
cout << a / b << endl; // 3 (integer division)
cout << a % b << endl; // 1 (modulus)
// Comparison
bool eq = (5 == 5); // true
bool ne = (5 != 3); // true
bool gt = (5 > 3); // true
bool le = (3 <= 5); // true
// Logical
bool and_r = true && false; // false
bool or_r = true || false; // true
bool not_r = !true; // false
// Increment/Decrement
int x = 5;
x++; // 6
++x; // 7
x--; // 6 Bitwise Operators
C++ provides bitwise operators for low-level bit manipulation, useful in systems programming and competitive coding.
Example
int a = 5; // binary: 0101
int b = 3; // binary: 0011
cout << (a & b) << endl; // AND: 1 (0001)
cout << (a | b) << endl; // OR: 7 (0111)
cout << (a ^ b) << endl; // XOR: 6 (0110)
cout << (~a) << endl; // NOT: -6
cout << (a << 1) << endl; // Left shift: 10 (1010)
cout << (a >> 1) << endl; // Right shift: 2 (0010)
// Ternary operator
int age = 20;
string status = (age >= 18) ? "Adult" : "Minor"; 