Class 11 Chemistry

The mole concept, stoichiometry, and the laws of chemical combination.

Atomic models, quantum numbers, orbitals, and the electronic configuration of atoms.

Ionic and covalent bonds, VSEPR theory, hybridisation, and molecular orbital theory.

Enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs energy, and predicting whether a reaction happens on its own.

Chemical and ionic equilibrium, the equilibrium constant, and acid-base equilibria including pH and buffers.

The modern periodic table and how atomic radius, ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity trend across it.

Oxidation numbers, balancing redox equations, and the electrochemical basis of redox reactions.

IUPAC nomenclature, isomerism, and the fundamental mechanisms — inductive, resonance and electromeric effects.

Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic hydrocarbons — their preparation, properties and reactions.